3-lead surface ecg Search Results


surface 3 lead ecg  (ADInstruments)
98
ADInstruments surface 3 lead ecg
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Surface 3 Lead Ecg, supplied by ADInstruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pmc10399945-67-19-30?v=ADInstruments
Average 98 stars, based on 1 article reviews
surface 3 lead ecg - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
98/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
propaq encore monitor  (Protocol Systems Inc)
90
Protocol Systems Inc propaq encore monitor
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Propaq Encore Monitor, supplied by Protocol Systems Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pm20832700-47-31-34?v=Protocol+Systems+Inc
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
propaq encore monitor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
esophageal temperature probe model 01  (YSI Inc)
90
YSI Inc esophageal temperature probe model 01
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Esophageal Temperature Probe Model 01, supplied by YSI Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pm20832700-47-14-22?v=YSI+Inc
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
esophageal temperature probe model 01 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
accelerometer chest actigraph  (ActiGraph llc)
90
ActiGraph llc accelerometer chest actigraph
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Accelerometer Chest Actigraph, supplied by ActiGraph llc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pm11110634-41-10-15?v=ActiGraph+llc
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
accelerometer chest actigraph - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
cardimax ecaps 12 2000 compliant electrocardiograph  (Nihon Kohden corporation)
90
Nihon Kohden corporation cardimax ecaps 12 2000 compliant electrocardiograph
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Cardimax Ecaps 12 2000 Compliant Electrocardiograph, supplied by Nihon Kohden corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/10__1590_slash_s0100___879x2006005000061-49-32-34?v=Nihon+Kohden+corporation
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
cardimax ecaps 12 2000 compliant electrocardiograph - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
needle electrodes  (ADInstruments)
96
ADInstruments needle electrodes
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Needle Electrodes, supplied by ADInstruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pmc08929131-46-32-34?v=ADInstruments
Average 96 stars, based on 1 article reviews
needle electrodes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
96/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
3-lead electrocardiogram tango m2  (SunTech Medical)
90
SunTech Medical 3-lead electrocardiogram tango m2
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
3 Lead Electrocardiogram Tango M2, supplied by SunTech Medical, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/10__1016_slash_j__displa__2019__08__007-73-15-19?v=SunTech+Medical
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
3-lead electrocardiogram tango m2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
end-tidal carbon dioxide (etco2, mmhg)  (Novametrix Medical Systems Inc)
90
Novametrix Medical Systems Inc end-tidal carbon dioxide (etco2, mmhg)
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
End Tidal Carbon Dioxide (Etco2, Mmhg), supplied by Novametrix Medical Systems Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/10__1161_slash_jaha__122__026479-380-44-50?v=Novametrix+Medical+Systems+Inc
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
end-tidal carbon dioxide (etco2, mmhg) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
cpap 138 machine  (Philips Healthcare)
86
Philips Healthcare cpap 138 machine
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Cpap 138 Machine, supplied by Philips Healthcare, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pm41087156-49-82-88?v=Philips+Healthcare
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
cpap 138 machine - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
86/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
task force monitor  (CNSystems Medizintechnik)
90
CNSystems Medizintechnik task force monitor
Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface <t>ECG</t> traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.
Task Force Monitor, supplied by CNSystems Medizintechnik, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/3-lead+surface+ecg/pmc07066096-141-10-14?v=CNSystems+Medizintechnik
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
task force monitor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-07
90/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface ECG traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.

Journal: Circulation

Article Title: Autoimmune Atrial Fibrillation

doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.062776

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electrophysiological phenotyping of mice with K ir 3.4 autoantibodies. A , Study design of the experimental autoimmune AF model with Balb/c mice. B , Representative surface ECG traces derived from limb leads I and II, recorded from a sham-immunized and K ir 3.4-immunized mouse. C , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean ECG interval values±SD recorded in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (PR, QRS, QTc, and JTc) and Mann-Whitney U test (RR). D , Representative bipolar intracardiac electrogram recordings at the level of the right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). STIM denotes right atrial stimulation. ECG in lead II configuration shows the corresponding surface ECG signals. E , Bar graphs overlaid with dot plots present mean intracardiac electrophysiological data±SD acquired in sham- (n=14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (n=10). Statistical significance was determined using the Student t test (SNRT, cSNRT, AERP, and AVERP) and Mann-Whitney U test (WCL). F , Bar graph shows the proportion of sham- (4 of 14) and K ir 3.4-immunized mice (8 of 10) with burst pacing–induced AF. Points indicate mean AF duration±SD ( P =0.214). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test (AF duration), and Fisher exact test was used to assess the induced AF rate. AERP indicates atrial effective refractory period; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVERP, atrioventricular effective refractory period; cSNRT, corrected sinus node recovery time; EGM, electrogram; EPS, electrophysiological study; SNRT, sinus node recovery time; and WCL, Wenckebach cycle length.

Article Snippet: The body temperature was kept at 37 °C with a heating pad, and all mice were continuously monitored with surface 3-lead ECG connected to the data acquisition system PowerLab (16/35, ADInstruments Ltd, United Kingdom).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, MANN-WHITNEY